Summary
If implemented correctly, natural ventilation is a notable alternative to mechanical ventilation. Unlike HVAC systems, passive ventilation requires little to no energy consumption and can potentially provide higher air flow rates depending on room configuration and outdoor conditions. While proper ventilation is important for personal comfort, it also plays an important role in decreasing transmission rates of airborne pathogens such as tuberculosis.
Natural ventilation is heavily dependent on location, environmental conditions, and building shape and size. If conditions are optimal, natural ventilation is a comparable alternative or potential temporary replacement for mechanical ventilation. Click the learn more link for a comprehensive guide on natural ventilation to understand if this option is adequate for your specific building.
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Advantages
Natural ventilation or hybrid ventilation requires little to no energy consumption making it the more affordable and environmentally conscientious option. For buildings with inadequate mechanical air flow or no HVAC systems, natural ventilation is the preferred method. Many buildings are equipped with windows, doors, or other openings that can be utilized for passive ventilation. If conditions are optimal, natural or hybrid ventilation may provide a superior air flow rate compared to mechanical ventilation. Outdoor air is less likely to contain infectious contaminants, whereas mechanically recirculated air is often equipped to remove small, airborne pathogens
Disadvantages
Humidity, temperature, smell, air flow rates, air quality, and noise cannot be properly controlled with passive ventilation. Since natural ventilation does not filter air or have a controlled flow direction, minimum air flow rates tend to be higher than with mechanical ventilation. Natural ventilation can rarely be used year-round and is unreliable throughout the day.